Geranium Weed

Geranium weed generally refers to species from the Geranium genus, often called cranesbills, which are found worldwide. Some species, such as Geranium dissectum (cut-leaved geranium) and Geranium molle (dove’s-foot cranesbill), are considered weeds, particularly in temperate regions of Europe, North America, Australia, and New Zealand. These species thrive in disturbed soils, pastures, roadsides, and sometimes in cultivated fields, especially under conservation tillage systems.

Geranium weeds are low-growing or sprawling annuals or perennials, with hairy stems and deeply lobed or divided leaves. Their flowers are typically small and five-petaled, ranging in color from pale pink to purple. They are often confused with cultivated garden geraniums (Pelargonium), but wild geraniums can be identified by their seed pods, which resemble a crane’s bill—hence the name. Variants differ by species; for example, G. dissectum has finely cut leaves and reddish stems, while G. molle has rounder leaves and smaller flowers. These species may also vary in root depth, drought resistance, and flowering time.

Geranium weeds are most problematic in cereal crops, oilseeds, and vineyards, where they compete with crops for light and nutrients, especially during early growth stages. In pastures, they reduce forage quality and spread rapidly if not controlled. Management includes maintaining strong crop competition, applying appropriate herbicides, and practicing crop rotation. Their early germination and tolerance to some herbicides make them a persistent challenge in reduced-tillage systems.